Top Pro Tips To Know What Is Bioartificial Liver?

Top Pro Tips To Know What Is Bioartificial Liver?

This study is based on the bio-artificial liver which would state its importance, current market trends, and new design through which the functionality of the bio-artificial liver would be enhanced. In addition, background on liver structure, function, physiology, and disorders will be discussed before an elaborate discussion of bioartificial livers. Then the study would discuss the importance of bio-artificial and artificial liver and then the study would turn to discuss bio-artificial liver, its current market status, and improvement strategy. Background and meaning Liver function The liver, which is the largest internal organ and the second largest organ of the human body, weighing 1.5 kg (approximately), has various functions (Rad, 2020).

 The various functions of the liver are discussed below. Functions related to blood and circulation: during the fetal state it plays a role in the formation of red blood cells, while in adults it plays a role in the destruction of red blood cells. It also produced prothrombin, fibrinogen, and heparin, which are necessary for blood clotting (Rad, 2020). Further formation of carbohydrates and proteins and ketone bodies. In addition, it stores fat. Functions related to protein metabolism: The liver is the main site for urea formation, uric acid formation, plasma protein, and nitrogen metabolism through the process of deamination, urea synthesis, and so on. The basic anatomy and physiology of the liver are divided into left and right lobes by the presence of the falciform ligament. Further, two additional lobes arise from the right lobe, which is called the caudate lobe and the quadrate lobe. The caudate lobe is located on the upper part of the visceral surface of the liver between the inferior vena cava and the fossa, which is produced by the presence of the ligament venosum. On the other hand, there is a quadrate lobe in the lower part of the visceral surface of the liver, which lies between the gallbladder and the fossa, which are produced by the ligamentum teres. In addition, the caudate and quadrate lobes are separated by the porta hepatis, which carry nerves, ducts, and vessels to and from the liver (May 2018). Diseases/conditions caused by impaired liver function Hepatitis: The liver becomes swollen due to viruses such as hepatitis A, B, and C.

 Although non-infectious, it is also caused by illicit drugs, allergic reactions, heavy alcohol consumption, and obesity (Rad, 2020). Cirrhosis: This is a condition in which regenerated liver cells clump together and are separated by bands of scar tissue or collagen tissue deposits that cause liver cell damage and death. Some of the causes of cirrhosis are due to prolonged hepatitis infection, chronic alcoholism, and genetic metabolic disease. In addition, the liver function stops completely due to cirrhosis Liver failure: It occurs either as a result of liver disease or as a result of liver intoxication or chronic disease. Jaundice: The level of bilirubin along with the level of bile pigments increases excessively. There are many causes of jaundice, but two common causes are liver and biliary tract disease. Hemochromatosis: deposition of iron in the liver causing liver failure Primary sclerosing cholangitis: a rare disease that causes scarring and inflammation in the liver's bile duct Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: The bile duct is destroyed and there is permanent scarring of the liver. Treatment: Is it necessary? (Rad, 2020) Liver failure, or liver cirrhosis, is one of the global problems. However, it was found to be the highest in Egypt, Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Ethiopia, and so on (WHO, 2020). Furthermore, from 2000-2015, it was found that in the US alone, mortality related to chronic liver disease along with cirrhosis increased by 31%, especially among people aged 45-64 (CDC, 2017). furthermore, it was found that the death rate in the age group between 25-44 years increased by 21%, among which women are more susceptible to the disease than men (CDC, 2017). 

Therefore, due to the high mortality rate due to liver failure, it becomes crucial to improve its treatment process. Orthotopic liver transplantation is one solution if the liver fails to regenerate. However, to detoxify and mimic the liver function in case of liver failure, there are artificial and bioartificial livers that support the patient's health until the liver begins to regenerate or until a donor organ becomes available. Meaning of Bioartificial vs It shows the difference between artificial and bioartificial liver support systems Liver function Artificial; It carries out a detoxification process with the effective removal of accumulated toxins. Thus, it enables the natural process of liver regeneration, while Bioartificial can perform different liver functions. It can perform both synthetic and metabolic functions of the hepatocyte module. Costs Artificial; Less expensive than a Bioartificial liver support system, while Bioartificial Designing, operating, and management costs are very high. Efficiency Artificial; Very limited effectiveness, while Bioartificial high-quality results. Use Artificial is easy to use while Bioartificial is complex to use and maintain.